Cancer Medicine

While social media is increasingly leveraged to engage knowledge users in research priority-setting, there remains sparse explicit descriptions on how to implement it to build knowledge user-led research agendas. The aim of this study was to review a case study where social media was utilized to engage Canadians within the pediatric cancer community in a research priority-setting exercise; specifically highlighting the social media-based recruitment process, including recommendations on how to o...

BackgroundGermline genetic testing is recommended for patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and pre-diagnostic testing is offered to patients with a significant family history. However, only 41% of patients in our institution obtained genetic testing. We identified associations between patient social profiles and delays in obtaining germline genetic testing from New Yorks largest healthcare system. MethodsPatients with PDAC were identified using our EMR between Mar 2016 and Feb ...

Rationale and ObjectivesOver the past year, studies have been conducted to evaluate the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, in the fields of gynecologic oncology. This review aims to analyze the applications and risks associated with using LLMs in this specialized field. Materials and MethodsThis systematic review was performed in adherence to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, incorporating elements from the dia...

BackgroundOncofertility care remains under-implemented across oncology and fertility care settings, with limited tools to scale up effective implementation strategies. Guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), we aimed to systematically assess factors that influence implementation of oncofertility care and map strategies, particularly electronic health record (EHR)-enabled ones, that fit adult and pediatric oncology care contexts. MethodsUsing purposeful sampling,...

ObjectivesLimited public awareness of cancer risk factors necessitates effective dissemination of cancer prevention information. Digital technologies offer an opportunity to address this gap, yet there is scant information on tools for communicating cancer prevention evidence. This article describes the user-centered design, development and usability evaluation of a web application for personalized cancer prevention tailored to the German population. Materials and MethodsPrototypes of the web-a...

BackgroundCardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death among patients with prostate cancer. While the American Heart Associations PREVENT Score offers a comprehensive lab-based CVD risk prediction model, its integration into oncology workflows is hindered by logistical barriers. To address this gap, the GUHA-STABELLINI Score was developed as a simplified, lab-independent tool tailored for use in specialty care settings. ObjectiveTo evaluate physician preferences, implementati...

IntroductionBreast cancer remains a prevalent disease in women worldwide. Though significant advancements in the standard of care for breast cancer have contributed to improved patient survival and quality of life, a breast cancer diagnosis and subsequent treatment interventions have a long-lasting impact on patients lived experiences. A high-quality healthcare system uses a patient-centred approach to healthcare, with patient engagement being a central pillar in the delivery of patient-centred ...

BackgroundIdentifying childhood cancer survivors who are already at high risk of subsequent neoplasms and may also have an inherited genetic susceptibility is essential for effective surveillance and prevention. This trial evaluated the effectiveness of remote, centralized telehealth genetic services in increasing service uptake. MethodsChildhood Cancer Survivor Study (CCSS) participants at the St. Jude Research Hospital, who were >18 years old and survivors of a CNS tumor, sarcoma, or more tha...

BackgroundThe Flatiron Health-Foundation Medicine Clinico-Genomic Databases (CGDBs) are de-identified, real-world data sources that link comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) data with clinical data derived from electronic health records (EHRs) for patients with cancer. Comparing the CGDBs to the US population of patients with cancer allows researchers to understand the representativeness of a cohort when designing, conducting, and interpreting their analyses. The objective of this study was to ...

Management of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients relies on the accurate determination of microsatellite instability (MSI) status. MSI status can have an influence on therapy decisions centered on immune checkpoint inhibitors. In this study a novel droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) kit for MSI status determination was validated across 2 separate CRC patient cohorts: 102 tumor samples from the ALGECOLS cohort and 129 plasma samples from the RASANC cohort. Each cohort was assessed for MSI status using the ...

BackgroundRemnant cholesterol (RC) is becoming an increasingly well-recognized risk factor for cardiometabolic diseases. However, no study has explored the predictive role of RC in new-onset cancer. This study aimed to examine the associations between RC and time-weighted RC with incident cancer in the general population. MethodsThis was a retrospective population-based study enrolling patients attending family medicine clinics in Hong Kong between 1st January 2000 and 31st December 2003 with a...

ObjectivesMultiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common hematologic malignancy in the U.S.; however, the etiology is poorly understood. We investigated social determinants of health (SDoH) associated with MM incidence and survival among low-income Black and White participants in the Southern Community Cohort Study (SCCS). MethodsThe SCCS enrolled participants aged 40-79 years from 12 Southeastern states. We examined associations between SDoH (residential racial segregation, neighborhood depri...

BACKGROUNDObesity, defined as a body mass index (BMI) > 30 kg/m2, is associated with a significant increase in risk of many cancers. In last years, various studies suggested that obese cancer patients have better outcomes than non-obese patients. This phenomenon, also known as "the obesity paradox", is not well understood and presents controversial explanations. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the association between obesity and outcome after a diagnosis of cancer. ...

ImportanceThe impact of antibiotics (ATBs) on the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) recurrence after curative resection remains unknown. ObjectiveWe aimed to evaluate the effect of the type and the class of ATBs on recurrence in patients with resected non-metastatic CRC. DesignOur cohort study included patients between 01/2012 and 12/2014. Each CRC patient was followed up to 3 years after surgical resection. SettingThis study was conducted using extracted data from the French cancer cohort set ...

PurposeIncidence and mortality rates of colorectal cancer (CRC) in South Asia are expected to rise by 70% between 2020 and 2040. Despite recent advances in the understanding of molecular alterations in CRC, the representation of South Asians in published genomic datasets is very limited. To address this gap, we performed a pilot study based on a transnational collaboration between academic centers in the US and Pakistan to characterize copy number alterations in a Pakistani cohort with CRC. Met...

PurposeThe use of mobile health (mHealth) technologies to augment patient care, enables providers to communicate remotely with patients enhancing the quality of care and patient engagement. Few studies addressed barriers to its implementation, especially in medically underserved populations. MethodsA cross-sectional study of 151 cancer patients was conducted at an academic medical center in the United States. A trained interviewer performed structured interviews regarding the barriers and facil...

PurposeFamilies of children with cancer face substantial financial, social, and emotional stressors, including unmet health-related social needs (HRSN) and toxic stress, which contribute to disparities. Virtual assistants (VAs) offer a scalable option to screen for HRSN and connect families to resources, but their design and acceptability in pediatric oncology are not well characterized. MethodsA two-phase mixed-methods study was conducted to co-design and evaluate a VA for caregivers of childr...

BackgroundTo comprehensively assess and validate the associations between insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) gene methylation in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk and prognosis. MethodsThe association between IGF2 methylation in PBLs and CRC risk was initially evaluated in a case-control study and then validated in a nested case-control study and a twins case-control study, respectively. Meanwhile, an initial CRC patient cohort was used to assess the effect of...

BackgroundHuman Papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a potential risk for cervical cancer, the latter is the fourth leading cause of cancer related death worldwide. Effective testing procedures are particularly important in its prevention and management. More accurate HPV tests replace traditional cytology-based screening, and they are in line with national and international guidelines that recommend primary HPV testing due to its better efficacy. The purpose of the study was to confirm that these ...

BackgroundProstate cancer (PCa) is the most common non-skin cancer in American men. The aim of the study was to determine the nationwide prevalence, trends, and predictors of inpatient PCa screening encounters in patients with average risk of PCa using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database. MethodsThe NIS database from 2006 to 2014 was used to evaluate PCa screening among hospitalized patients in the United States (US). All hospitalized male patients between the ages of 45 and 69 at aver...